Barbara Karst Bougainvillea
Bougainvillea 'Barbara Karst'
flowerBarbara Karst is the most popular bougainvillea, famous for its blazing, magenta-red display and its toughness. Bougainvillea is a thorny, woody, scrambling tropical vine, and in frost-free climates Barbara Karst climbs vigorously and blooms almost year-round, draping walls, fences, and pergolas in cascades of color. The actual flowers are tiny and white; the spectacular color comes from three papery bracts that surround each flower cluster, which is why bougainvillea is also called paper flower. It thrives on heat, sun, and a little neglect, blooming hardest when kept on the dry side. Where winters bring frost, it is grown as a container plant or summer annual and sheltered or replaced each year.
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Sun
full sun
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Water
Every 7 days
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Bloom
~60 days
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Difficulty
medium
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Lifecycle
perennial
Comes back every year
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Spacing
4-6 ft apart
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Planting Depth
Set the root ball level with the soil surface; handle gently, as the roots resent disturbance
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Soil pH
6.0-7.0
Growing Details
Soil Type
Sandy or loamy, acidic, well-drained
Hardiness Zones
Zones 9 – 13
When to Fertilize
Lightly during the growing season; avoid heavy nitrogen that cuts bloom
Fertilizer
Bloom (low-nitrogen) or bougainvillea fertilizer
🌱 Growing Guide
Bougainvillea demands full sun - all-day, direct sun is essential, because without it the vine simply will not flower - and well-drained, sandy or loamy, slightly acidic soil. It is reliably hardy only in zones 10 and warmer (surviving in zone 9 with protection and frost dieback) and is unfazed by intense heat and tropical conditions, thriving in frost-free climates where it can bloom nearly year-round; it must be protected from any frost or freeze. The secret to heavy bloom is restraint: keep it on the dry side and do not overfeed with nitrogen, since lush watering and rich feeding give leaves instead of color. It flowers on new growth, so prune to shape and to spur bloom after a flush; provide a strong support and watch for its sharp thorns. In cold regions, grow it in a large pot and overwinter it bright and barely watered.
🌼 Have a different variety?Cultivars of the same species usually share the same basic care, and they differ mainly in flower color, height, and bloom form, not in how you grow them. So this guide still applies even if your exact variety isn't the one shown.
Planting Calendar
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Direct sow
Apr 15
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Projected first bloom
Jun 14
JJan
FFeb
MMar
AApr
MMay
JJun
JJul
AAug
SSep
OOct
NNov
DDec
✅ Plant alongside
Good neighbors that attract beneficial insects or deter pests
- Mandevilla: Another sun-loving tropical vine with the same heat and full-sun needs for a bold container or trellis pairing
- Lantana: A heat-proof, drought-tough flowering companion at the base that draws butterflies in the same blazing sun
- Hibiscus: A tropical shrub that shares the warmth and full sun for a vivid frost-free planting
🛡️ Pest & disease prevention
Proactive ways to stop trouble before it starts. Tap a name with an arrow for its full guide
A green or brown caterpillar that chews notches in the leaf edges at night - inspect after dark, hand-pick, and treat with Bt if damage is heavy
Cluster on tender new growth and bracts - rinse off with water and encourage ladybugs
White cottony clusters in leaf joints, especially on container or indoor plants - dab with rubbing alcohol or rinse off and treat with horticultural oil
Bumps on stems that drip honeydew - prune out heavy infestations and treat with horticultural oil
🌸 Blooms & cutting
Bougainvillea is grown for the landscape display rather than for cutting, though the colorful bract-covered stems can be used in tropical arrangements - cut in the cool morning and mind the thorns. The real craft is pruning and watering for bloom: keep it on the dry, lean side, and prune after each flush of color to shape the vine and encourage the next wave on new growth. Always wear gloves and long sleeves, because the stems carry sharp thorns and the sap can irritate skin. In cold climates, cut it back and bring the pot in before frost.
🥗 Nutrition & benefits
A purely ornamental tropical vine grown for its spectacular, long-lasting color in frost-free climates. The small true flowers offer some nectar to bees and butterflies, but bougainvillea is grown above all for the blazing display of its papery bracts on walls, fences, and arbors.
⚠️ Toxicity & safety
Bougainvillea is not considered seriously poisonous, but its sharp thorns can cause painful puncture wounds and skin irritation, and the sap may cause a rash in sensitive people - wear gloves and long sleeves when pruning. Eating the plant may cause mild stomach upset in pets. Site it away from where children and pets brush against the thorns.
For educational and informational purposes only. HomeSown is not medical, health, or other professional advice. Always positively identify any plant before handling or eating it; some plants, and some parts of otherwise-edible plants, are toxic. Consult a qualified professional before consuming or otherwise using any plant, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication, or have a health condition.