Grasshoppers
Family Acrididae
Big, jumping, leaf-chewing insects that can move into a garden in waves during hot, dry summers and strip plants fast. Most years a few grasshoppers do little harm, but in outbreak years, often after dry springs, they arrive from surrounding grassland and can devour leaves, flowers, and whole seedlings.
🔎 How to spot it
Adults are large, one to two inches long, in brown, green, or gray, with powerful hind legs for jumping and, in many species, wings for flight. They have short antennae and chewing mouthparts. Look for large, irregular chunks bitten from leaf edges and flowers, ragged defoliation that worsens through summer, and the insects themselves springing away as you approach. Common species include the differential, two-striped, and redlegged grasshoppers.
🥀 Damage it causes
Grasshoppers chew large sections out of leaves and flowers and can devour entire young plants, favoring lettuce, beans, corn, carrots, onions, and many annual flowers while mostly leaving squash and tomato alone. Damage builds through the season as the insects grow, and in outbreak years a hungry migration can defoliate a planting in days.
🛡️ Prevent it
Protect valued plants with floating row cover or, since grasshoppers chew through cloth, metal window screening over hoops. Keep the garden edges mowed and clear of the tall, weedy grass where they lay eggs and develop, or instead leave a green border of grass or tall plants around the garden to trap and divert them away from crops, never letting that border dry out. Encourage birds and other natural enemies.
🧯 If it is already here
Handpick and drop them in soapy water in the cool of early morning when they are sluggish. Organic baits containing the microbe Nosema locustae work best while grasshoppers are still small and young. Spraying is largely ineffective because the insects are big, mobile, and constantly reinvading, and it harms pollinators and beneficials. Wet weather helps by spreading a natural grasshopper-killing fungus.
💡 Good to know
Grasshopper problems track the weather: dry years favor big populations, while cool, wet springs promote diseases that knock them back. Because adults fly and hop in from surrounding land, garden-only controls rarely stop a true outbreak, so timing controls against the young nymphs in nearby breeding grounds matters most. They lay eggs in undisturbed soil in late summer that hatch the following spring.
🌱 Plants it attacks
714 plants in the library can be attacked by this pest
Agapanthus
Ageratum
Anemone
Angelonia
Annual VincaFor educational and informational purposes only. Pest control advice is general guidance drawn from university cooperative extension sources; always identify a pest positively and read and follow the label on any product before use, especially around food crops, children, and pets.