Millipedes
Class Diplopoda
Slow, hard-bodied, many-legged soil crawlers that coil into a spiral when disturbed and spend their lives recycling decaying plant matter. Like pillbugs, millipedes are mostly beneficial decomposers, but in damp, debris-rich gardens large numbers can nibble sprouting seeds, seedlings, and soft ripening fruit touching the ground.
🔎 How to spot it
Millipedes are dark brown to black, rounded, worm-like, and hard-shelled, with two pairs of short legs on most body segments, giving the rippling, many-legged look, and they coil up tightly when disturbed. They differ from the faster, flatter, predatory centipedes, which have one pair of legs per segment. Find them by day in damp, dark spots under mulch, leaves, stones, and pots.
🥀 Damage it causes
Millipedes feed mostly on decaying leaves and organic matter and are helpful recyclers, so they usually do not harm healthy plants. When abundant in moist conditions, though, they can damage sprouting seeds and seedlings and gnaw on strawberries and other ripening fruit lying on the soil, often feeding at soft spots already started by something else.
🛡️ Prevent it
Make the garden less damp and debris-laden: clear rotting leaves, wood, and heavy mulch from around plant bases and foundations, water in the morning so the surface dries, and improve drainage. Keep ripening fruit off the soil with mulch or supports. Reducing the cool, moist hiding places is the most effective way to keep numbers down.
🧯 If it is already here
Treatment is seldom warranted, since millipedes are largely beneficial. Where they damage seedlings or fruit, remove their damp shelter and decaying debris, trap them under boards or damp newspaper and discard the catch, and let the soil surface dry between waterings. Drying out the habitat and keeping fruit off the ground resolves nearly all millipede problems without pesticides.
💡 Good to know
Millipedes are easy to tell from centipedes and worth distinguishing: millipedes are slow, round, coil up, and eat decaying plants, while centipedes are fast, flat, and prey on other insects. Both, plus pillbugs, are signs of a damp, organic-rich habitat, so a sudden abundance usually points to excess moisture rather than a true plant-pest problem.
🌱 Plants it attacks
714 plants in the library can be attacked by this pest
Agapanthus
Ageratum
Anemone
Angelonia
Annual VincaFor educational and informational purposes only. Pest control advice is general guidance drawn from university cooperative extension sources; always identify a pest positively and read and follow the label on any product before use, especially around food crops, children, and pets.