White Mold
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
A fungal rot that strikes a wide range of vegetables, coating stems, leaves, and pods with a cottony white mold and rotting them through. White mold thrives in cool, damp, crowded plantings and is especially troublesome on beans, lettuce, cabbage, carrots, and tomatoes. Its hard black resting bodies let it survive in the soil for years.
🔎 How to spot it
Look first for a soft, watery rot on stems, leaves, pods, or fruit, soon covered with a fluffy white cottony mold in damp conditions. The surest sign is the hard, black, irregular resting bodies, the sclerotia, that form in and on the rotted tissue, looking like mouse droppings or small lumps of coal. Infected stems may bleach white and wilt above the rot.
🥀 Damage it causes
White mold rots stems, crowns, pods, and fruit, wilting and killing the parts above the infection and often the whole plant. It can cause stem and crown cankers, root rot, seedling damping-off, and blossom and fruit rot, and it ruins harvested produce in storage. A bad case can take out patches of a bean or lettuce planting.
🔬 What causes it
White mold is caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which survives in soil for years as hard black sclerotia. In cool, moist conditions these sprout to release spores that infect through flowers and dying tissue, and the disease then spreads plant to plant by contact. It develops fastest at 68 to 77 F in dense, humid canopies that stay wet.
🛡️ Prevent it
Open up the canopy for airflow and faster drying: space plants widely, avoid heavy nitrogen that builds dense growth, and stake or trellis where you can. Water at the base in the morning rather than overhead. Rotate with non-host crops such as corn and small grains, and remove and destroy infected plants, sclerotia and all, so they do not seed the soil.
🧯 If it is already here
There is no cure for an infected plant, so pull and destroy affected plants promptly, including the black sclerotia, and do not compost them. Improve air movement and reduce moisture right away. Because the fungus persists in soil for years, the real management is cultural: rotation, spacing, and sanitation, since fungicides give limited help in the home garden.
💡 Good to know
The hard black sclerotia are both the diagnostic clue and the reason white mold is so persistent, since they can wait in the soil for many years between host crops. The disease loves a dense, humid canopy, so the same airflow and spacing that fight gray mold and downy mildew also hold white mold back.
🌱 Plants it affects
362 plants in the library can be affected by this problem
Agapanthus
Ageratum
Anemone
Angelonia
Annual Vinca
Brunnera
Caladium
Calibrachoa
Cardinal Flower
Carolina Jessamine
Celebrity Tomato🥬Champion Collards
Cheddar Cauliflower
Cherokee Purple Tomato
Cosmic Purple CarrotFor educational and informational purposes only. Disease management advice is general guidance drawn from university cooperative extension sources; always identify a problem positively and read and follow the label on any product before use, especially around food crops, children, and pets.